13. Describe the features of monopolistic competition: a. How is it similar to monopoly? b. How is it similar to perfect competition? c. What are the characteristics of short-run equilibrium? d. What are the characteristics of long-run equilibrium? e. How is long-run equilibrium attained?
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- 1. How might advertising make market less competitive? How might it make markets more competitive? Give the arguments for and against brand names. 2. You are hired as a consultant to a monopolistically competitive firm. The firm reports the following information about its price, marginal cost, and average total cost. Can the firm possibly be maximizing profit? If not, what should it do to increase profit? If the firm is maximizing profit, is the market in a long-run equilibrium? If not, what will happen to restore long-run equilibrium? a. P < MC, P > ATC b. P > MC, P < ATC c. P = MC, P > ATC d. P > MC, P = ATC1. Which of the following, in perfect competition, is most likely to shift a market’s supply curve to the right? The number of consumers decreases. The number of suppliers decreases. There is an improvement in production technology. The price of a substitute good increases. 2. Which of the following gives an example of an implicit cost for a bakery? The cost of flour used to make bread Bakeries have no implicit costs because they are monopolistically competitive. The foregone payments that could have been earned by renting out the bakery’s storefront to another firm The wages the bakery pays to its employees 3. A producer knows that the price elasticity of demand for his product is -0.67. He wants to increase quantity demanded by 33%. By what percentage does he need to change the price? -0.221 -2.03 -0.493 0.4933. You are hired as a consultant to a monopolistically competitive firm. The firm reports the following information about its price, marginal cost, and average total cost. Can the firm possibly be maximizing profit? If not, what should it do to increase profit? If the firm is maximizing profit, is the market in a long-run equilibrium? If not, what will happen to restore long-run equilibrium? a. P < MC, P > ATC b. P > MC, P < ATC c. P = MC, P > ATC d. P > MC, P = ATC
- 7) How do Monopolistic Competition and Perfect Competition differ in terms of efficient use of resources, in the long run?1.What degree of income elasticity of demand would you expect for summer holiday breaks to an exotic destination? Explain your reasoning in a few sentences. 2.Consider the markets for pizza delivery services in Vienna, hotel accommodation in Krems and train travel in Austria. Define the market types perfect competition, oligopoly / monopolistic competition and monopoly and classify the given examples accordingly. Explain your reasoning in a few sentences. 3. Consider an independently run hotel in Krems and briefly discuss how it might be affected by the following scenarios: a) A rise in interest rates b) A fall in unemployment c) A fall in the exchange rate (i.e., the value of the euro decreases) d) A rise in inflation 4.Explain why tourism satellite accounts are useful and give examples for direct and indirect effects (two examples for each). 5. From 2015-2019, the Austrian accommodation and food services industries have grown in real terms by 4.1 %, the Austrian economy as a…8. From the following graph, show the equilibriums under each scenario. Market is in equilibrium at A under competitive market. (a) Show the equilibrium under monopoly. Call this point B (b) When the demand increased in the area due to immigration, show the new competitive equilibrium, call this point C. (c) Show the new monopolistic equilibrium with increased demand and call this point D. P'. P MR D. MR, Q. Q', Quantity Price
- 1. If the demand for a good increases at the same time as the supply of the same good decreases, what will happen to the equilibrium price and quantity of the good? Explain. 2. What is the deadweight loss of monopoly? Show the deadweight loss when the monopolist can perfectly price discriminate. 3. What is the point of long run equilibrium of a monopolistically competitive firm. How does it compare to a competitive firm.2. Entry or exit in the long run Fantastique Bikes is a company that manufactures bikes in a monopolistically competitive market. The following graph shows Fantastique's demand curve, marginal revenue curve (MR), marginal cost curve (MC), and average total cost curve (ATC). Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the short-run profit-maximizing price and quantity for this monopolistically competitive company. Then, use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade the area representing the company's profit or loss. 500 450 Monopolistically Competitive Outcome 400 350 300 Profit or Loss A ATC 250 200 150 MC 100 50 MR Demand 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 QUANTITY (Bikes) Given the profit-maximizing choice of output and price, the shop is earning profit, which means there are shops in the industry than in long-run equilibrium. PRICE (Dollars per bike)Question 1a. How is monopolistic competition like monopoly, perfect competition andoligopoly? b. Give two examples of price discrimination. In each case, explain why themonopolist chooses to follow this business strategy c. Why does price equal marginal revenue for the perfectly competitive firm?What is the relationship to the demand curve for the firm?
- 7. The figure shows the monopolistically competitive market for smartphones. Plot the profit-maximizing price and quantity on the graph. Is this producer earning positive or negative profits in the short run? In the long run, will supply or demand for this producer's good be affected? Will economic profits increase or decrease for this producer?1. Under the model of monopolistic competition, a(an) ________ in the number of firms in the industry will cause ________ to ________. 2. In the model of monopolistic competition, if the price is ______ than average costs, then firms are earning __________ economic profit and we should expect firms to _________ the industry. 3. In the model of monopolistic competition, if an industry has large ________ relative to another industry, then we should expect _________ firms to operate in a long-run equilibrium of that industry.(a) Explain why a monopolistically competitive firm’s profit maximization occurs at the output level when marginal revenue for the firm is equal to its marginal cost. Use a graph to prove your point for a monopolistically competitive firm. (b) What can a monopolistically competitive firm do to try to maintain economic profits?
