28. Class VI animal viruses include the retroviruses such as HIV. What type of enzyme does HIV introduce into the host cell (white blood cell) when its genome has gained entry? A) Reverse transcriptase B) Restriction enzyme C) DNA polymerase D) RNA polymerase A denovinus-vector
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- 27. Class VI animal viruses include HIV, Based on the type of viral genome, how is this class distinguished from the other classes of animal virus? A) It has double stranded RNA. B) It has single stranded RNA that serves as mRNA (positive sense). C) It has single stranded RNA that serves as a template for the synthesis of DNA. D) It has single stranded RNA that serves as a template for mRNA (anti-sense). does HIVHost specificity of a virus is due to O 1) similarities in size between the virus and the host cell. O 2) the presence or absence of a cell wall on the host cell. O 3) particular genes that it shares with the infected cell. 4) compatibility between viral and cellular surface molecules. 5) the presence of an envelope.Answer the following regarding the varicella-zoster virus: a) the biology of the virus ( type: DNA/RNA type: single or double stranded) b) how it replicates c) life cycle of the virus (binding, fusion, reverse transcription, integration, replication, and assembly)
- Arrange the following list into the correct sequence for part of the cycle of a retrovirus: 1. dsDNA integrated into host DNA 2.viral proteins synthesized on host ribosomes 3. viral DNA uses host enzymes to transcribe viral RNA 4. reverse transcriptase catalyzes synthesis of ssDNA 5. synthesis of second DNA strand (a) 5, 2, 1, 3, 4 (b) 5, 2, 3, 4, 1 (c) 4, 5, 1, 3, 2 (d) 4, 1, 2, 3, 5 (e) 2, 1, 3, 4, 5a. Which type of viruses can be directly used for translation? a) dsRNA b) Positive ssRNA c) Retroviruses d) Negative ssRNA b. An antiviral drug specifically modifies viral receptors on a eukaryotic host cell. How might this affect the viral reproductive cycle? It would enhance the process of viral apoptosis It would result in the degeneration of the viral capsid It would facilitate the process of viral endocytosis It would prevent the virus from attaching to the host cellClassification of viruses is based on all of the following excepta) type of nucleic acid. b) shape of virus.c) size of virus. d) host infected.e) strandedness of nucleic acid.
- we can stop the biosynthesis stage of the viral life cycle (not the stages before it) by preventing/inhibiting: A) fusion of the envelope and the plasma membrane B) replication and expression of viral nucleic acid/genome C) the virus's attachment molecules from binding to the host cell receptor D) new copies of viral nucleic acid from combining with newly made viral proteins E)buddingWhere do - ss RNA viruses assemble? O 1) golgi O 2) nucleus O3) cytoplasm O 4) both the nucleus and cytoplasm O 5) Endoplasmic reticulum Type:SWhich of the following is a possible result of viral infection in eukaryotic host cells? O 1) Syncytialization of host cells. O 2) Inclusion bodies within the cytoplasm. O 3) oncogenesis. O 4) Host cell death 5) All of the above
- Class V viruses carry their own polymerases within their viral particles: why is this necessary?21)Which of the following sentences is NOT correct regarding the influenza virus: a)The influenza virus has complicated genetics mainly characterised by genetic reassortment amongst 8 genes b)The most important reservoir for highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus is domestic poultry c)Vaccine produced by inoculating chicken eggs requires, on average, three chicken eggs for a single dose of trivalent vaccine d)it is a contagious gastrointestinal illness which is responsible for seasonal flu epidemics each year, and causes mild to severe life-threatening illness e)The influenza virus is mainly controlled in special "risk" sectors by vaccinationA viral particle adsorbs onto a host cell membrane. It uncoats and releases its single-stranded nonsegmented nucleic acid into the cytoplasm where it is immed dependent RNA polymerase, into mRNA. It is then translated into viral structural proteins and enzymes. Which of the following virus families is most likely repre A) Herpesviridae B) Paramyxoviridae C) Parvoviridae D) Reovirius E) Retroviridae