Briefly explain the Renin-angiotensin mechanism indicating the treatment or drug target sites of hypertensive patients in regulating blood pressure.
Q: State the significance of HMP shunt
A: Hexose monophosphate shunt (HMP) or pentose phosphate pathway or phosphogluconate pathway is an…
Q: According to Poiseuille's Law, vasodilation is associated with increased blood flow. Knowing that…
A:
Q: Describe the mechanisms of blood pressure regulation.
A: KEY WORDS :- RAA Pathway - Renin angiotensin aldosterone pathway. Normal Blood pressure - 120/80…
Q: Blood pressure at the arterial end of capillaries is about 40 mm Hg in humans. If blood pressure at…
A: The force of circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels is termed as blood pressure. It is the…
Q: Explain the clinical significance of both high and low mean arterial pressure (MAP).
A: The blood transports various components to various body tissues, such as gases, nutrients, and…
Q: Explain the roles of filtration and reabsorption in capillary exchange of fluid.
A: Blood is a body fluid that transports necessary substances, nutrients, hormones, and oxygen to the…
Q: Name four hormones that cause vasodilation or vasoconstriction ofarterioles, and specify their…
A: The human body is made up of different organs and organ systems. There are 11 different organ…
Q: Describe the role of the skeletal muscle pump in decreasing capillary filtration.
A: The Muscle is a soft tissue that is responsible for producing force and motion facilitated by the…
Q: Explain how the maintenance of hydration is important in cardiovascular function?
A: Answer: Introduction: The heart is a muscular organ present behind and partially left of the…
Q: Explain how blood flow to the kidneys is decreased with exercise.
A: Strenuous exercise can induce drastic changes in the functioning of the kidney as well as in the…
Q: Explain the ways in which the effects of atrial natriuretic peptide differ from the effects of…
A: Body functions are regulated by various chemicals in the form of hormones or nutrients. These…
Q: Occasionally during the process of giving birth, a woman may experience alife-threatening…
A: The human body works at a particular set of conditions. The body undergoes many compensatory…
Q: Identify the receptors, afferent pathways, integrating center, efferent pathways, and effectors in…
A: The process of showing involuntary response to any type of stimulus without any knowledge and…
Q: Explain the pressure flow theory.
A: The pressure flow theory is also known as mass flow theory explains the movement of sap through…
Q: Why does exogenous erythropoietin (EPO) effectively treat anemia due to renal failure but is…
A: Exogenous erythropoietin is human erythropoietin that is specifically synthesized through…
Q: A. What pushes water out of the capillaries near the arteriole? B. What draws water back in near…
A: The circulatory system is made of the following systems that work together; the cardiovascular,…
Q: Explain the various mechanisms that regulate blood pressure in responseto the rapid loss of a large…
A: Heart and blood vessels form the cardiovascular system. Its main function is to transport oxygen,…
Q: Given the following pathologies/conditions, match which factor in the blood flow equation will be…
A: Pathology Disease pathology or pathology is defined as the study of the disease and its underlying…
Q: Discuss the causes of the increase in fluid level in "vessel A," which is isolated from "vessel B"…
A: The membrane serves as an organism's barrier or partition. It is a sheet of tissue or a layer of…
Q: What effect does vasodilation have on the afterload of a patient with sepsis?
A: Sepsis which is a common medical condition with a very high mortality rate and it is a…
Q: Give some example of erythropoietic organs.
A: Blood is a fluid connective tissue that contains plasma and three types of blood corpuscles namely…
Q: Discuss the factors that determine blood pressure.
A: When the heart pumps blood through arteries and ventricals during that time the blood a keeps…
Q: Describe why a wide pulse pressure would be logical to give a patient with the condition aortic…
A: Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic blood pressure, which is the top number of…
Q: Explain double circulation with the help of diagram.
A: The circulatory system circulates the body fluid throughout the body for the transport of gases,…
Q: A 75-year-old man is given an infusion of lidocaine for the control of ventricular tachycardia. A…
A: Lidocaine is a local anesthetic which can be used to treat ventricular tachycardia. Ventricular…
Q: list the order of draw in capillary blood collection and explain why it is important
A: Capillary blood collection:Capillary puncture is mainly used in the case of infants. It is also used…
Q: illustrate how bleeding that results in significant blood loss (hemorrhage) leads to a decrease in…
A: Blood pressure can be defined as the pressure that occurs because of the circulation of blood in the…
Q: Which of the following are an effect of angiotensin II production? Select all that apply. Group of…
A: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system involved in the regulation of blood pressure, maintain the…
Q: Drugs that directly act on the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone (RAA) system may be used to treat…
A: The renin angiotensin system consists of multitude of peptides which act on the vessels of the body…
Q: Differentiate between systolic and diastolic blood pressure, explaining the actions occurring during…
A: The pressure exerted by the blood on the walls of the arteries .Blood pressure is measured by two…
Q: Why is blood filtration important and briefly describe how this is achieved
A: Blood should be filtered to remove waste and toxin materials from the blood. The process occurs…
Q: Highlight the pathways and the types of biomolecules (enzymes or hormones) involved in the blood…
A: Lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and proteins are examples of biomolecules, which are organic…
Q: Describe the most significant adverse effects of direct acting vasodilators. Compare their effects…
A: Vasodilators are medications or chemical compounds that widen the blood vessels by dilating the…
Q: rterial blood pressure in the feet of an erect person relative to his heart is:
A: Introduction:- Blood pressure sometimes referred to as arterial blood pressure,is the pressure…
Q: During treatment of congestive heart failure and hypertension, describe the mechanism of action and…
A: Congestive heart failure is a condition is which the heart cannot pump blood in its full capacity,…
Q: Systemic arteriolar constriction may result from an increase in the local concentration of which of…
A: Introduction :- The narrowing (constriction) of blood arteries by tiny muscles in their walls is…
Q: Describe the role of endothelial paracrine agents in mediating arteriolar vasoconstriction and…
A: Introduction: The human body is made up of cells that group together to create tissues, tissues that…
Q: Explain how compensation by the renin-angiotensinpathway aggravates hypertension.
A: For the proper functioning of the body, there are various physiological processes that occur at the…
Q: Which of the following can cause edema? A. decrease in plasma proteins B. damage to capillary walls…
A: Edema is the condition in which swelling of the body parts occurs because of the leakage of the…
Q: List the compensatory mechanisms (in the correctsequence) that can help return the blood pressure…
A: The body performs various physiological processes to generate energy, movement, growth and survival.…
Q: what three organs need to be evaluated because of their ability to promote edema and why? Describe…
A: Body’s fluid accumulates in the interstitial space as capillary filtration exceeds the amount of…
Q: Explain the major detail pertaining to blood pressure local control.
A: Blood pressure can be defined as the force of the blood that is generated by pushing against the…
Q: Which of the following situations creates edema? an increase in the colloid osmotic pressure a…
A: Edema is the swelling or puffiness of body parts. Edema most commonly affects the feet, ankles, and…
Q: Explain the kidneys’ role in blood pressure regulation
A: The kidneys absorb water to increase the blood volume and thus increase the blood pressure or it can…
Q: Explain why maintaining homestasis in blood pressure is so important.
A: Homeostasis means maintaining a stable environment to carry out the physiological processes inside…
- Briefly explain the Renin-angiotensin mechanism indicating the treatment or drug target sites of hypertensive patients in regulating blood pressure.
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- A patient with chronic-stable angina begins taking metoprolol, and once blood levels reach the therapeutic range the frequency and severity of angina attacks and the need for sublingual nitroglycerin were reduced. Which of the following states the direct pharmacologic action by which the beta-blocker produced the desired effects? Decreased myocardial oxygen demand Dilated coronary vasculature Directly inhibited angiotensin II synthesis Reduced total peripheral resistanceExplain the mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors in managing hypertensionEstablish the relationship between kwashiorkor and edema. Briefly explain the Renin-angiotensin mechanism indicating the treatment or drug target sites of hypertensive patients in regulating blood pressure. A 63-year old man took four bottles of Kasepreko, an alcoholic beverage at a funeral ceremony and refused to eat my food. He wakes up early morning at the funeral grounds feeling very hungry but again refused to eat but rather ordered for alcohol. Hours later, after he had drunk the alcohol, he became unconscious and was rushed to the nearest hospital and later developed coma. A request by the clinician and a blood analysis by the laboratory scientist revealed low blood glucose levels. Briefly explain the mechanism behind the low blood glucose level and the development of coma by the patient. A 72-year old female diabetic patient in a state of ketoacidosis and was found to be breathing rapidly. Laboratory investigations revealed low HCO-3, low PaCO2 and high PaO2. Briefly explain…
- Explain the Biochemical Pathway of Hypertension and Hypotension, be as detailed as possible.Describe the therapeutic strategies that target angiotensin II to treat Stage 1 and 2 hypertension. With the aid of diagrams describe the aetiology of the disease. Pick one therapeutic approach and describe in detail the mechanism of action and major side effects.Identify the role of PO2, PCO2,pH,adenosine,PGE2,local temperature and K+-ions in the control of local blood flow.
- Indicate whether peripheral vascular resistance or cardiac output is most directly impacted by the administration of each drug class. Please explain why. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors Beta-blockers Calcium channel blockers Loop diuretics ThiazidesExplain the HMP shunt pathway and its significance. This question is about the NICE treatment algorithm for hypertension in patients under 55 years. 1) Which cardiodynamic parameter is reduced by the drug added at step 2? 2) Increased clearance of which major extracellular cation into the urine along with water is expected after addition of the drug class in step 3. 3) Antagonism at which receptor is suggested by inclusion of a drug in step 4?
- Describe the effects of the angiotensin II, vasopressin, and atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP) on arterial blood pressure: describe direct vascular mechansim.Describe the actions of angiotensin II and kallikrein on blood flow regulation in systemic blood vessels and kidneys.Please discuss how digitoxin provides a positive inotropic effect and is used to treat congestive heart failure.