SAINT LO SAINT LOU VERSITY OF LABORATORY MANAGEMENT LABORATORY MANAGEMENT WISDOM MANAGEMENT PLANNING MANAGEMENT PLANNING WISDOM SUILDS BUILDS 4. Continuous Process: Plans are made for a specific term, say for a month, quarter, year STEPS INVOLVED IN PLANNING and so on. Once that period is over, new plans are drawn, considering the organization's present and future requirements and conditions. Therefore, it is an ongoing process, as Analyzing Opportunities the plans are framed, executed and followed by another plan. 5. Intellectual Process: It is a mental exercise at it involves the application of mind, to Setting Objectives think, forecast, imagine intelligently and innovate etc. 6. Futuristic: In the process of planning, we take a sneak peek of the future. It Developing Premises encompasses looking into the future, to analyze and predict it so that the organization can face future challenges effectively. Identifying Alternatives 7. Decision making: Decisions are made regarding the choice of alternative courses of action that can be undertaken to reach the goal. The alternative chosen should be best Evaluating Alternatives among all, with the least number of the negative and highest number of positive outcomes. Selecting an alternative IMPORTANCE OF PLANNING + It helps managers to improve future performance, by establishing objectives and selecting Implementing action plan a course of action, for the benefit of the organization. + It minimizes risk and uncertainty, by looking ahead into the future. + It facilitates the coordination of activities. Thus, reduces overlapping among activities and Reviewing eliminates unproductive work. + It states in advance, what should be done in future, so it provides direction for action. By planning process, an organization not only gets the insights of the future, but it also helps the + It uncovers and identifies future opportunities and threats. organization to shape its future. Effective planning involves simplicity of the plan, i.e., the plan + It sets out standards for controlling. It compares actual performance with the standard should be clearly stated and easy to understand because if the plan is too much complicated performance and efforts are made to correct the same. it will create chaos among the members of the organization. Further, the plan should fulfil all the requirements of the organization. Planning is present in all types of organizations, households, sectors, economies, etc. We need to plan because the future is highly uncertain and no one can predict the future with 100% PLANNING HIERARCHY accuracy, as the conditions can change anytime. Hence, planning is the basic requirement of any organization for the survival, growth and success. A planning hierarchy represents the organizational levels and units in your company for which you want to plan. A planning hierarchy is a combination of characteristic values based on the characteristics of one information structure. Planning hierarchies provide a framework for your planning activities in consistent planning and level-by-level planning. With these planning methods, a planning hierarchy must exist for the information structure before you can plan its key figures. You can create only one planning LABORATORY MANAGEMENT Page 4 of 27 LABORATORY MANAGEMENT Page 5 of 27 VERSITY O SAINT LO SAINT LOU VERSITY OF LABORATORY MANAGEMENT LABORATORY MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT PLANNING MANAGEMENT PLANNING WISDOM WISDOM eUILDS SUILDS organization. Understanding of basic management functions will contribute to the success of overall plan of action. It is the fundamental management function, which involves deciding any complex organization, and the application of some fundamental, time-honored practices will beforehand, what is to be done, when is it to be done, how it is to be done and who is going to ensure that the laboratory's operations are carried out with maximum efficiency. A manager will do it. It is an intellectual process which lays down an organization's objectives and be more effective, and ultimately more successful, with a systematic approach. develops various courses of action, by which the organization can achieve those objectives. It draws out exactly, how to attain a specific goal. A manager's primary responsibility is directing the immediate operations of the laboratory. The FEATURES OF PLANNING day-to- day, and often minute-to- minute, activities of the laboratory will occupy the greatest amount of a manager's time and resources. Understanding the environment in which the laboratory functions, and anticipating potential problems that might arise within it, allows a Managerial Function manager to avoid costly mistakes in staffing, scheduling, purchasing, and budgeting. The best managers learn how to balance their time and their many overlapping responsibilities with a well-organized approach. They are always looking to the future and thinking about how major Goal Oriented Decision trends might affect the operation of the laboratory. They view changes in the operational Making environment as opportunities to make needed improvements in staffing, technology, and processes. This progressive, forward-looking approach requires insight, commitment, and the ability to teach the staff how to identify and solve problems. Planning QUALITIES OF A GOOD MANAGER Futuristic Pervasive A good manager is a “high performance" manager. The high-performance manager is: + A strategist – One who looks to the future, makes educated guesses about the major forces and trends he or she can see, and interprets them in terms of opportunities for growth and progress. Intellectual Process Continuous + A problem solver – One who clearly perceives the differences between the anticipated Activity future and the unfolding present and who decides what must be done with those factors under his or her control to influence the environment or to adapt to it most effectively. A teacher – One who guides others and helps them to identify and solve problems, so 1. Managerial function: Planning is a first and foremost managerial function provides the that they can perform their tasks effectively and can develop themselves as individuals base for other functions of the management, i.e. organizing, staffing, directing and as well as workers. controlling, as they are performed within the periphery of the plans made. The study of management is typically broken out into four primary areas: planning, organizing, 2. Goal oriented: It focuses on defining the goals of the organization, identifying alternative directing, and controlling. This chapter provides an overview of those management functions, courses of action and deciding the appropriate action plan, which is to be undertaken for presented in basic, practical language. reaching the goals. CONCEPT AND DEFINITION OF PLANNING 3. Pervasive: It is pervasive in the sense that it is present in all the segments and is Planning is the process of formulating objectives and determining the steps which will be required at all the levels of the organization. Although the scope of planning varies at employed in obtaining them. No modern healthcare organization can be effective without an different levels and departments. LABORATORY MANAGEMENT Page 2 of 27 LABORATORY MANAGEMENT Page 3 of 27 VERSITY O