Explain how human encroachment contributes to the emergence of novel infectious diseases. What virulence factors come to play in this scenario? Give 2 examples of zoonotic diseases and give the sector of the human population that was most susceptible for each disease you mention.
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Explain how human encroachment contributes to the emergence of novel infectious diseases. What virulence factors come to play in this scenario? Give 2 examples of zoonotic diseases and give the sector of the human population that was most susceptible for each disease you mention.
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- Please discuss the disease cholera in the country Haiti? Please mention both the global burden of the disease as well as the burden in Haiti. Provide data on mortality and morbidity, and distribution of disease burden by age, gender, or region. (chart and please refrence it) Who is most at risk in Haiti? Does Haiti have access to known treatments? why Haiti might have this disease profile. how you we explain this disease using a social ecological framework. please provide references?what is the difference between a pandemic and an endemic? Give examples and evidence. What is the similarity between an endemic and a pandemic? Give examples and evidenceList five reasons for an increase in numbers of emerging infectious diseases
- Sub-Saharan Africa is epicenter of two major pandemics: HIV/AIDS and Tuberculosis (TB). Although people living with HIV/AIDS can receive antiretroviral therapy and live many years, they are extremely susceptible to co-‐infections. Even with medication, the combination of HIV/AIDS and TB is often fatal. In Swaziland, a small country nestled in Southern Africa, the total population in 2010 was only 449,900 people. Of that population, the total number of people living with HIV/AIDS was 33%. In 2010 the total number of deaths in Swaziland was approximately 13,000. In the same year the number of HIV-related deaths was reported as 9,300. Question: What was the cause-specific mortality rate from HIV per 1000 people? (round to the nearest whole number)? What is the proportionate mortality from HIV/AIDS in this population? (give your answer as a percent and round to the nearest whole number)Discuss at least two types of infectious diseases that occur in different places around the world. What causes them? Using the WHO's Social Determinants of Health (SDH), how and why might their spread be handled differently in different parts of the world? Again, do not use the SDH definition as your answer: use its meaning to explain your position.1. Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a communicable disease in humans. It is caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, and it affects the respiratory tract. The number of cases of pertussis that were reported in Canada between 1924 and 2011 is represented in the bar graph below. Number of reported cases Reported Cases of Pertussis in Canada, 1924-2011 25000 20000 15000- 10000- 5000 0- 1924 1934 1944 1954 1964 1974 1984 1994 2004 2009 Year a) Describe how vaccination helps prevent someone from getting pertussis. b) Based on the graph, approximately when do you think a vaccine became available in Canada? Explain your answer. c) Scientists discovered that the vaccine that was given to children between the 1980s and 1997 was not very effective. In 2003 a booster vaccination was given to those effected people. How this is reflected in the graph data?
- History may not be your favorite subject, especially learning about a bunch of long-dead scientists who made discoveries that we now take for granted. With an open mind, you may actually find the information interesting and learn a few things you didnt know before. During your examination of the topics in this chapter, consider the following: Do patterns exist for disease outbreaks, treatment, eradication, and recurrence?List at least 5 emerging infectious diseases due to population density. (Briefly explain each infectious diseases why it is due to population density)The rate and magnitude of the spread of infectious organisms through populations depends on its mode of transmission and on the infectious agent’s growth characteristics.Describe the portals of entry that pathogenic organisms need to bypass to cause diseases.
- Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is endemic in many tropical areas of the world. Suppose an unseasonably warm spring has led to increased population of mosquitoes and subsequently epidemic levels of DHF infection in Sri Lanka during this year. Under normal circumstances, community X in Sri Lanka has an average of 12 DHF cases per month. Define endemic? Define epidemic?why are infectious diseases so prevalent in developing countries, more so why is it that infectious diseases account for nearly half of all deaths in developing countries?Write short explanatory notes on how change of lifestyles and modernization contribute to the spread of diseases under the following concepts/topics: through food production, ability to store food longer, increasingly domesticated animals, increased consumption of raw foods, the worldwide trade of agricultural products through food production: Here you should focus on how modern processes contribute to the spread of diseases. For example, Modern processes involved in food production increase the risk of food contamination with pathogenic microorganisms. This can come from machinery used for food processing or food handlers. The answer given should have sufficient points for marks allocated. Your explanations can be supported by examples of microorganisms or diseases. ability to store food longer: growth of microorganisms in food stored for extended period. Consider factors such as temperature fluctuation, poor packaging etc. increasingly domesticated animals: How an increase in…