Patient C., 32 y/o, was delivered unconscious to the intensive care department. The patient has a medical history of diabetes. Insulin was not found. The breathing is noisy, of Kussmaul’s type; acetone breath, the skin is dry, turgor is lowered, the facial features are sharp, periosteal reflexes are absent, eye ball tone is lowered. Blood contains 1.2 mmol/l of lactic acid (norm - 0.62-1.3 mmol/l), glycemia - 29 mmol/l. What kind of coma can be suspected?A. KetoacidoticB. Brain comaC. HyperosmolarD. HypochloremicE. Lactacidemic
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Patient C., 32 y/o, was delivered unconscious to the intensive care department. The patient has a
medical history of diabetes. Insulin was not found. The breathing is noisy, of Kussmaul’s type; acetone breath, the skin is dry, turgor is lowered, the facial features are sharp, periosteal reflexes
are absent, eye ball tone is lowered. Blood contains 1.2 mmol/l of lactic acid (norm - 0.62-1.3 mmol/l), glycemia - 29 mmol/l. What kind of coma can be suspected?
A. Ketoacidotic
B. Brain coma
C. Hyperosmolar
D. Hypochloremic
E. Lactacidemic
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- N.H. is a 76-year-old male admitted to the hospital through the emergency department. He fell outside his home. It appears that he may have sustained a fracture to his left hip. He has a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and has a 40 pack-year smoking history that is now complicated by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Data Collected (use only those that apply) Complains of excruciating pain and tenderness in left hip Pain not relieved with morphine BP 166/94 mmHg Diaphoretic and pale skin Respiratory rate 36; crackles, expiratory wheeze X-ray of left hip reveals extracapsular fracture Hematocrit 30%; hemoglobin 15g/dL; WBC 15,000/uL Discussion Questions: Considering the nursing process, list in order the steps in transferring patient from bed to chair post operatively.Patient M., 36 y/o, was found in the street unconscious. The patient has a medical history of diabetes. There is a smell of alcohol from the mouth. The skin is moist, warm, arterial pressure -145/90 mm column of mercury, convulsive twitching of muscles. Breathing is shallow, eye ball tone is retained, pupils are dilated, hyperflexion. How would you treat this patients?A. Intravenous introduction of 40-80-100 ml 40% glucose solution B. Injecting 20 units of insulin subcutaneouslyC. Injecting 20 units of insulin intravenouslyD. Injecting 500 ml 5% glucose solution intravenouslyE. Injecting 500 ml 0.9% sodium chloride intravenouslyPatient R., 32 y/o, was delivered with complaints of fatigue, decrease of appetite, intensification of pigmentation in the open areas of the body, palms of the hands, cyanosis, losing weight, nausea and vomiting. The symptoms began to aggravate during 1-2 weeks after acute poisoning. Objectively: arterial pressure – 60/30 mm column of mercury, pulse – 140 beats/minute, skin turgor is lowered, the colour is dark with intense pigmentation of the elbows, scars, skin folds on the palms; clearly low levels of sodium and chlorine, high levels of potassium in the blood; glycemia – 4.3 mmol/l. What is your diagnosis?A. Addisonian crisisB. Uremic coma C. Brain comaD. Acute cardio-vascular insufficiencyE. Hypoglycemic coma
- John Doe, 53y.o., has a history of Type I diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking 40 pack-years, CAD, and PVD. Six weeks ago, he developed a wound in his left heel which measured 4cm by 2cm when he discovered it. Despite IV antibiotics and chemical debridement, the wound developed a gangrene infection. He is scheduled for a BKA of the left lower extremity tomorrow at 10:00 am. His meds include daily insulin, aspirin 325mg/day, Pletaal 100mg BID. Question: Preventing complications of surgery is an important part of all surgical patient care. What preoperative While Mr. Doe is in the Operating Room, what considerations will be taken to ensure Mr. Doe’s safety and positive outcome? Identify 2 IntraOp nursing diagnoses for Mr. Doe teaching does Mr. Doe require in order to prevent complications? Give 3-4 examples)RON is suspected of DKA. Formulate a plan of education for Ron's wife, so she will better understand his condition and be able to assist him to manage those days when is unwell. What areas would you cover? How would you ascertain her understanding?Case Scenario: John Doe, 53y.o., has a history of Type I diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking 40 pack-years, CAD, and PVD. Six weeks ago, he developed a wound in his left heel which measured 4cm by 2cm when he discovered it. Despite IV antibiotics and chemical debridement, the wound developed a gangrene infection. He is scheduled for a BKA of the left lower extremity tomorrow at 10:00 am. His meds include daily insulin, aspirin 325mg/day, Pletaal 100mg BID. Question: Mr. Doe was very restless the evening before. He verbalizes to his wife that he is “scared to death” and worried about losing his foot. She asks the nurse what can be done to help him. How will the nurse address the psychological comfort of Mr. Doe? (Discuss in 2-3 sentences only)
- Description A-45-year-old woman presents complaining of fatigue, 30 pounds of weight gain despite dieting, constipation, and menorrhagia. On physical examination, the thyroid is not palpable: the skin is cool, dry, and rough: the heart sounds are quiet; and the pulse rate is 50 bpm. The rectal and pelvic examinations show no abnormalities, and the stool is negative for occult blood. The clinical findings suggest hypothyroidism. Questions A. What other features of the history should be elicited? What other findings should be sought on physical examination? B. What is the pathogenesis of this patient's symptoms? C. What laboratory tests should be ordered, and what results should be anticipated? D. What are the possible causes of this patient's condition? Which is most likely? E. What other conditions may be associated with this disorder?Case Scenario: John Doe, 53y.o., has a history of Type I diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking 40 pack years, CAD, and PVD. Six weeks ago, he developed a wound in his left heel which measured 4cm by 2cm when he discovered it. Despite IV antibiotics and chemical debridement, the wound developed a gangrene infection. He is scheduled for a BKA of the left lower extremity tomorrow at 10:00am. His meds include daily insulin, aspirin 325mg/day, Pletaal 100mg BID. Question: During the admission assessment, the nurse questions Mr. Doe to determine if there is a latex allergy or sensitivity. Why is this essential to the patient’s safety? What symptoms would the nurse question Mr. Doe about in order to determine this? (Discuss in 3-5 sentences only)Case Scenario: John Doe, 53y.o., has a history of Type I diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking 40 pack-years, CAD, and PVD. Six weeks ago, he developed a wound in his left heel which measured 4cm by 2cm when he discovered it. Despite IV antibiotics and chemical debridement, the wound developed a gangrene infection. He is scheduled for a BKA of the left lower extremity tomorrow at 10:00 am. His meds include daily insulin, aspirin 325mg/day, Pletaal 100mg BID. What preoperative testing is appropriate for Mr.Doe? (Give at least 4 priority examples) Note to Tutor: Thank you so much, Ma'am/Sir
- Patient K., 34 y/o, complains of excessive body weight, shortness of breath, disruption of the ovarian menstrual cycle, she has been ill since childhood. Family anamnesis is burdened by obesity on the mother’s side. Objectively: BMI – 35.8 kg/cubic meter, dysplastic obesity prevailing in the abdominal area, hypertrichosis. In the abdominal and groin areas there are multiple stretch marks from pearl to burgundy colour. Arterial pressure – 160/100, pulse – 96 beats/minute. What is the treatment for this condition?A. Dietotherapy, sibutramine (influencing the center of hunger and satiation), xenical (blocking GI lipases) B. DietotherapyC. Dietotherapy, thyroxine (thyroid medicines) D. Dietotherapy, furosemide (diuretic medicines)E. Dietotherapy, vitamin therapyHow many days will the following prescription last?Microgestin#211 po qd x 21 d off 7d.What is the estimated days supply for this medication? [____] days. Hint: Look up what this medication is used for.J. is a 76-year-old woman who lives on the side of a very steep mountain. The home health nurse has visited her once a week for the last year. She has running water, electricity, and a coal stove with back-up oil heat for very cold winter nights. She uses the telephone for communication. She has diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypothyroidism, and is in atrial fibrillation. She has never been in the hospital before. Her current medications include metformin (250 mg twice a day), losartan (50 mg/day), levothyroxine sodium (Synthroid) (50 mcg/day), digoxin (0.125 mg/day), furosemide (Lasix) (10 mg/day), aspirin (81 mg/day), simvastatin (20 mg/day), and warfarin (Coumadin) (4 mg/day, with 6 mg on Sundays). Allergies are to penicillin (hives) and to metoprolol (hypotension and dizziness). M. J. stopped smoking 5 years ago, but until then she smoked one-half pack a day. Last laboratory test results (1 week ago) were: hemoglobin A1C (Hgb A1C) 8.3, international normalized ratio (INR)…