Using this payoff matrix, answer the following questions: Up Karl Straight 2,4 Down Adrian Middle Right 2,4 5.1 4.2 3.3 3,3 a) For each player, find dominant and dominated strategies. b) What is the Nash equilibrium (or equilibria) of this game?
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- Solve for the Nash equilibrium (or equilibria) in each of the following games. (a) The following two-by-two game is a little harder to solve since firm 2’spreferred strategy depends of what firm 1 does. But firm 1 has a dominantstrategy so this game has one Nash equilibrium. Firm 2 Launch Don’tFirm 1 Launch 60, -10 100, 0 Don’t 80, 30 120, 0 What is the Nash equilibrium of this simultaneous-move game? (b) What would the outcome of this game be if instead firm 1 moved first and then, after seeing what firm 1 chose, firm 2 chose it strategy? In this case firm 1 doesn’t necessarily need to choose a best response, but firm 2 must choose a best response since it moves second.2. Consider the following game: u 1 r 6,0 0,6 d 3,2 6,0 Are there any Nash equilibria in pure strategies for this game? Find the mixed strategy Nash equilibrium.Please look at the payoff matrix below which shows the benefits that would accrue to each player in a 2-player.non-sequential, non-repeated game. a) Identify the collusive (cooperative) equilibrium. b) Identify the secure strategy (maximin) equilibrium c) Identify the maximax equilibrium d) Identify the Nash equilibrium (You must clearly label each answer in eCourses to receive any credit for your answers.) Apple Inc. Strategy 1 Strategy 2 Strategy 3 20 40 60 60 1000 200 Strategy A 70 50 90 Banana 70 300 Inc. Strategy B 400 40 80 100 90 150 80 Strategy C
- Consider the following game, where M > 0: The matrix payoff is shown below Gill Left Right James Accept 0, 0 2, −2 Reject ?, −? 1, −1 a) Do players have a dominant strategy? (b) What is the Nash equilibrium (or equilibria)? (c) Are there any values of M such there is no Nash equilibrium in pure strategy? ( d) Find the mixed strategies Nash equilibrium?Use the following normal-form game to answer the questions below. Player 2 Strategy C D Player 1 A 50, 50 120, 25 B 25, 120 55, 55 a. Identify the one-shot Nash equilibrium.multiple choice 1 (B,C) (B,D) (A,C) (A,D) b. Suppose the players know this game will be repeated exactly three times. Can they achieve payoffs that are better than the one-shot Nash equilibrium?multiple choice 2 No Yes c. Suppose this game is infinitely repeated and the interest rate is 6 percent. Can the players achieve payoffs that are better than the one-shot Nash equilibrium?multiple choice 3 No Yes d. Suppose the players do not know exactly how many times this game will be repeated, but they do know that the probability the game will end after a given play is θ. If θ is sufficiently low, can players earn more than they could in the one-shot Nash equilibrium?multiple choice 4 Yes Noon Mary, UE, BD UF, AC DF, BC UF, BD DE, AC DE, BC Nancy U D Nancy -5,4 Mary -0,2 -6,2 -2.6 Which of the following answers is a subgame perfect Nash equilibrium in this game? Check all that apply. (Answers below are formatted as Mary's strategy, Nancy's strategy.)
- The following payoff matrix represents a simultaneous-move game between two players: Kay and Jack. Each player has two choices: Black or White. The first number in each cell is the payoff to Kay, and the second number is the payoff to Jack. Jay Black White 50, 30, Black 50 30 Кay 45, 40, White 30 50 Refer to the scenario above. Which is true? a. This game has a dominant strategy equilibrium. b. This game has two dominant strategy equilibria. c. This game has two Nash equilibria. d. This game has one Nash equilibrium.1) Put together an example of a 2x2 game (two players with each having two options) that has NO pure-strategyNash equilibria. (Hint: just try some values and then change them as you need to; as an example think aboutthe Rock, Scissors paper which has no pure strategy NE).2) Using your own words, explain how the concept of elimination of dominated strategies differs from theconcept of Nash equilibrium.3) Indicate whether the following statement is TRUE or FALSE and explain your answer: If one player is theleader in a game it means that s/he has the first move in the game. The key thing is that this move can beobserved by the follower before making his/her own decision, otherwise it would be a simultaneous movegame that cannot be solved by backwards induction.4) MULTIPLE CHOICE (identify the one best answer below and explain your reasoning for each option): Recallthe Game of chicken from the previous problem set. If James is the leader in the game then: (hint: you candraw the game tree…2: Provide a definition for a Nash equilibrium and then find all pure-strategy Nash equilibria of the following game: Left Center Right Up Middle 1,3 2,7 6,3 2,9 4,4 7,10 Down 3,8 2,5 3,4
- (b) ROWENA up Answer 1: up Answer 2: In this simultaneous move game, the iterated dominance equilibrium is (Rowena's . Colin's left left Answer 3: ). This game has two Nash equilibria one of which is the iterated dominance equilibrium. The other Nash equilibrium, which is not the IDE, is (Rowena's down Colin's right down Up Down Answer 4: Left right 0,0 0,0 COLIN Right 0,0 1,1Consider the following price game: Firm 1 Firm 2 High Low High 20, 20 12, 24 Low 24, 12 14, 14 Remark: In simultaneous move games (games with rows and columns) theconvention is to write the row player’s payoff first and the column player’spayoff second. (a) What is the Nash equilibrium of this game? Recall that for each playeryou should find the best response to each of the opponents’ strategies andunderline the associated payoff. Then look for a cell where both strategiesare best responses to each other. This is a Nash equilibrium. (b) Does either firm have a dominate strategy (a strategy that is always abest response)?Problem 4 Consider the following two-person game Player 2 R 0,1 2, 3 Player 1 M 5, 9 7, 3 1, 7 5, 5 10, 10 1, 5 a) Find the dominant strategies for both players. b) Explain why (B, L) is not a Nash Equilibrium. c) Find the Nash equilibrium of the above game
