What temperature is required to obtain 0.4%C at adistance of 0.3 mm beneath the surface of a 0.22% Csteel in 2h, when 1.1% C is present at the surface?Assume that the iron is FCC. (Please see figure 5.12below for diffusion coefficient data. Please use your notesfor a table of erf() function valuestable of erf() funDiffusion coefficient D (cm²/s)10-3!! ! ! ! !10-10-510-910-1010-1110-1210-1310-14Temperature (°C)2000 1500 1200 1000 900 800 700 600wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwin graphiteMg in MgOCa in CaOH in FCC ironCin FCC ironFe in FCC ironFe in BCC ironH in BCC iron104T(K)C in BCC ironFe in FeO50010-154 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13Figure 5-12 The diffusion coefficient D as a function of reciprocal temperature for somemetals and ceramics. In this Arrhenius plot, D represents the rate of the diffusion process.A steep slope denotes a high activation energy.

What temperature is required to obtain 0.4%C at a distance of 0.3 mm beneath the surface of a 0.22% C steel in 2h, when 1.1% C is present at the surface? Assume that the iron is FCC. (Please see figure 5.12 below for diffusion coefficient data. Please use your notes for a table of erf() function values 10-3 Temperature (°C) 2000 1500 1200 1000 900 800 700 600 500

What temperature is required to obtain 0.4%C at a distance of 0.3 mm beneath the surface of a 0.22% C steel in 2h, when 1.1% C is present at the surface? Assume that the iron is FCC. (Please see figure 5.12 below for diffusion coefficient data. Please use your notes for a table of erf() function values 10-3 Temperature (°C) 2000 1500 1200 1000 900 800 700 600 500

Elements Of Electromagnetics

7th Edition

ISBN:9780190698614

Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

Publisher:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

ChapterMA: Math Assessment

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1MA

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What temperature is required to obtain 0.4%C at a distance of 0.3 mm beneath the surface of a 0.22% C steel in 2h, when 1.1% C is present at the surface? Assume that the iron is FCC. (Please see figure 5.12 below for diffusion coefficient data. Please use your notes for a table of erf() function values Diffusion coefficient D (cm²/s) ܐ ܐ ܐ ܐ 10- 10-5 10- 10-10 10-11 10-12 10-13 10-14 10-15 Temperature (°C) 2000 1500 1200 1000 900 800 700 600 Cin graphite Mg in MgO Ca in Cao Hin FCC iron C in FCC iron Fe in FCC iron Fe in BCC iron H in BCC iron C in BCC iron Fe in FeO 500 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 104 T(K) Figure 5-12 The diffusion coefficient D as a function of reciprocal temperature for some metals and ceramics. In this Arrhenius plot, D represents the rate of the diffusion process. A steep slope denotes a high activation energy.
Compare the diffusion coefficients (in cm²/s) of nitrogen in BCC and FCC iron at the allotropic transformation temperature of 912°C. Decc -153606 X Your response differs from the correct answer by more than 10%. Double check your calculations, cm²/s -1976-7 Dicc x Your response differs significantly from the correct answer. Rework your solution from the beginning and check each step carefully. cm2/s
Rank the magnitudes of the diffusion coefficients from greatest to least for the following systems: N in Fe at 700°C Cr in Fe at 700°C N in Fe at 900°C Cr in Fe at 900°C Now justify this ranking. (Note: Both Fe and Cr have the BCC crystal structure, and the atomic radii for Fe, Cr, and N are 0.124, 0.125, and 0.065 nm, respectively. You may also want to refer to Section 5.4.)
The diffusion coefficients for species A in metal B are given at two temperatures: D (m²/s) 7.81 x 10-17 7.70x 10-16 i (b) Determine the value of Do. (a) Determine the value of the activation energy Qd (in J/mol). i T (°C) 1030 i 1260 J/mol m²/s (Use scientific notation.) (c) What is the magnitude of D at 1180°C? m²/s (Use scientific notation.)
3. A BCC iron alloy containing 0.05 wt% C is carburized at 1050°C such that the carbon concentration is 0.5 wt% at a distance 2mm from the surface. Meanwhile, the carbon concentration at the surface is kept constant at 1.5 wt% C. a. What is the value of the diffusion constant for carbon diffusing into BCC Fe at 1050 °C? Show all work. Write the relevant equation for the diffusivity within this box: Write the values of all of the parameters in the equation above within the box below: Write your final answer for the diffusivity within this box: b. Determine the diffusion time required to achieve the carbon profile described above. Show all work. Write the relevant equation needed to solve this problem within this box: Write the values of all of the given parameters in the equation above within the box below: Write the value for erf(z) within this box:
Diffusion of carbon into the surface of BCC steel at 600oC for 10 hours results in a carbon concentration of 0.2wt% at a depth of 1.5 mm below the surface. At what depth will the same concentration be obtained if the diffusion time is increased to 20 hours, leaving the temperature at 600o
The figure below shows five different steady-state concentration profiles from five separate tests, which had the same gas across identical membranes at the same temperature. Rank the diffusion flux of the five concentration profiles from lowest to highest. Using bullet points explain your answer. C(x)' (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Membrane Thickness
(c) Consider an alloy that is undergoing carburizing process, initially has a uniform carbon concentration of 0.27 wt% and is to be treated at 950oC (1750oF). If the concentration of carbon at the surface is suddenly brought to and maintained at 1.32 wt%, how long will it take to achieve a carbon content of 0.85% at a position 0.7 mm below the surface? The diffusion coefficient for carbon in iron at this temperature is 1.6 x 10-11 m2/s; assume that the steel piece is semi-finite.
Diffusion of carbon into BCC iron for 12 hours at a temperature of 500 °C results in a carbon concentration of 0.2 wt% at a depth 2 mm from the surface. How long would it take to get a concentration of 0.2 wt% at a depth 3 mm from the surface at 500 °C?
Consider an alloy that is undergoing carburizing process, initially has a uniform carbon concentration of 0.27 wt% and is to be treated at 950°C (1750°F). If the concentration of carbon at the surface is suddenly brought to and maintained at 1.32 (c) wt%, how long will it take to achieve a carbon content of 0.85% at a position 0.7 mm below the surface? The diffusion coefficient for carbon in iron at this temperature is 1.6 x 10-11 m2/s; assume that the steel piece is semi-finite.
The diffusion coefficients for species A in metal B are given at two temperatures: D (m²/s) 8.54 x 10-17 8.39× 10-16 i (b) Determine the value of Do. (a) Determine the value of the activation energy Qd (in J/mol). i J/mol i T (°C) (c) What is the magnitude of D at 1190°C? 1020 1290 m²/s (Use scientific notation.) m²/s (Use scientific notation.)
Please kindly help. I will give a like. Thank you! a. Describe the S-curve model of diffusion on how does ‘rate of adoption’ change over time? At which-point is the rate of diffusion the fastest? b. S-curve model of diffusion: (true/false) and reasoning - k = 0, the rate of diffusion is instantaneous? - fixed k ≥ 0, the carrying capacity is determined only by the ratio of a and b? - fixed k ≥ 0, the rate of diffusion is determined only by the ratio of a and b? c. The diffusion of hybrid corn in the 1940s, who or which region seems to have adopted the hybrids more quickly and why?