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- A cake valued at $40 is divided among five players (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5) using the last diminisher method. The players play in a fixed order, with P1 first, P2 second, and so on. In round 1, P1 makes the first cut and makes a claim on a C-piece. For each of the remaining players, the value of the current C-piece at the time it is their turn is given in the following table: Player 2 Player 3 Player 4 Player 5 Value of current C-piece $5.50 $8.75 $6.50 $9.00 Which player gets his or her share at the end of round 1 and round 2? What is the value of the share to the players receiving the share? Round 1: Player 3, value $8.00 Round 2: Player 5, value $9.00 Round 1: Player 5, approximate value $9.00 Round 2: Player 3, value $8.75 Round 1: Player 5, approximate value $9.00 Round 2: Player 3, value $8.00 Round 1: Player 4, approximate value $6.50 Round 2: Player 3, value $8.00 a C dA bunch of cookies should be divided among students by a teacher. Each student writes secretly on a sheet of paper his name and the amount of the cookies (his bid) he wants to get (other students cannot see this number). Then the teacher sorts these bids in ascending order and gives cookies to the students starting from the bid with the smallest amount. If cookies are finished at some point the rest of the students get nothing. If there are several equal bids that cannot be satisfied simultaneously with the current amount of cookies, cookies are equally divided among the students who named these bids. If there are extra cookies, the teacher keeps them. You should assume that cookies are perfectly divisible. Find a Nash Equilibrium in pure strategies. Explain why the set of strategies you propose is indeed a Nash Equilibrium in pure strategies. Explain why there are no other Nash equilibria.(a) Stan and Ollie are two students who share a flat. Both of them prefer to live in a clean flat. However, neither is too fond of housecleaning. Each of them receives a payoff of 12 if they both clean the flat. If neither person cleans the flat, they receive a payoff of 6 each. If one person cleans the flat but the other person does not, then the payoff for the person who does the cleaning is 5 and the payoff for the person who doesn't do any cleaning is 15. (i) Write down the payoff matrix of this game. Derive the dominant strategy equilibrium. Is this also a Nash equilibrium? (ii) Expiain your reasoning. Consider a game with N players. Each player chooses Black or White. If a player (b) chooses Black, she gets 100 if everyone else also chooses Black, and she gets 0 if any of the other players does not choose Black. If a player chooses White, she always gets 50. Show that everyone choosing Black and everyone choosing White are both Nash equilibria of this game.
- In this game, (80, 50) 52% a) (R, N) b) (R, R) c) (S, N) d) (R, P) S is a Nash equilibrium First Player (20,68) 12% R P Second Player N (90,70) 36%The decision tree below describes the game faced by firm H and firm T. The payoffs are profits in million of US$. The SPNE is(are): (Build large, Build large) (Build Small, Build Small) (Build Small, Build Large) (No build, Build Large) (Build Large, No Build)In this extensive form game, if player B is a robot uses a mixed strategy where it picks L 50% of the time and R 50% of the time. If player A chooses the action that maximizes her expected payoff, the expected payoff will be 4 07 5.5 6.5 B kw (5/1) (1,9) (48) (7.10)
- (a) Find all subgame perfect equilibria in pure strategies (if any).(b) Find all SPE where at least one of the players uses a mixed strategy (if any)The decision tree below describes the game faced by firm H and firm T. The payoffs are profits in million of US$. The complete plan of action for this game is: H={BL}, T={BL if BL, NB if BS, BL if NB} H={BS}, T={BS if BL, BS if BS, BL if NB} H={BS}, T={BS and NB} H={BL}, T={BS if BL, BS if BS, BL if NB} H={BS}, T={BL if BL, NB if BS, BL if NB}(ii) A mixed strategy profile (p, q) is one in which p = (p,P2.... P) is the mixed strategy of player 1, and q- (g1, q2,..q4) is the mixed strategy of player 2. Show that if p, >0 in a Nash equilibrium profile (p*, q*), the player 2 must also play i with strictly positive probability q'; > 0. (State clearly any theorem you use to show this. You are not required to justify the theorem.) %3D
- Bill owes Bob $36. Just before Bill pays him the money, he gives Bob the opportunity to play a dice game to potentially win more money. The rules of this game are as follows: If Bob rolls doubles (probability 1/6), Bill will Bob double ($72). If he misses doubles on pay the first try, he can try again or settle for half the money ($18). If he makes doubles on the second try Bill will again pay-up double ($72), but if Bob misses doubles on the second try Bill will only pay him one-third ($12). Should Bob decide to play the dice game with Bill, or insist that he pay the $36 now? Use a decision tree to support your answer.Consider a game with two players (Alice and Bob) and payoffffs Bob Bob s1 s2 Alice, s1 3, 3 0, 0 Alice, s2 0, 0 2, 2 In the equilibrium in the above game, Alice should (A) always choose the fifirst strategy s1; (B) choose the fifirst strategy s1 with probability 40% ; (C) choose the fifirst strategy s1 with probability 50% ; (D) choose the fifirst strategy s1 with probability 60% .Players 1, 2, and 3 are playing a game in which the strategy of player i isdenoted yi and can be any nonnegative real number. The payoff function for player 1 is V1(y1,y2,y3) = y1 + y1y2 - (y1)2,for player 2 is V2(y1,y2,y3) = y2 + y1y2 - (y2)2,and for player 3 is V3(y1,y2,y3) = (10 - y1 - y2 - y3)y3.These payoff functions are hill shaped. Find a Nash equilibrium. (Hint: Thepayoff functions are symmetric for players 1 and 2.)