Q: Based on class data only, which antimicrobial has the broadest spectrum? Which one has the narrowest…
A: An antimicrobial is an agent that kills or stops the growth of micro-organism. Antimicrobial…
Q: For an individual organism and an antimicrobialagent, what do the results signify?
A: Introduction In the various microbiological techniques as we isolate and culture different bacteria…
Q: What are the common elements of puncture wounds, crush injuries,and compound fractures that…
A: Clostridium perfringens and a few other species of Clostridium cause necrotic tissue infections in…
Q: Define sterilant, and name the principal sporicidal chemical agents.
A: Sterilization is defined as the process where all the living microorganisms, including bacterial…
Q: Why is hydrolysis of sucrose also known as specific sucrose test?
A: Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction where a molecule of water ruptures one or more chemical bonds. The…
Q: Which phase of cell growth is disrupted by antimetabolites? Explain how folate functions as…
A: Antimetabolites are the cytotoxic type of drug because they kill cells, they done their work by…
Q: Why is the effectiveness of an antimicrobial agent determined using an exponentially growing…
A: The bacterial cell reproduce asexually by replicating and dividing their genetic material as well as…
Q: With the aid of diagrams, illustrate the biochemical basis of the following: Allopurinol used in…
A: Allopurinol used in the management of gout Gout is an inflammatory arthritis that is caused by…
Q: Why have the chemical structure of some antimicrobial drugs been modified into semisynthetics?
A: Many antibiotics or antimicrobial drugs halt bacterial infection by interfering with the…
Q: Why should excess bromine water be avoided in the test for free Tryptophan?
A: Bromine water: a. It is a qualitative test for identifying the alkane or alkene function group…
Q: How do hydrogen peroxide agents work and what is their best application as an antimicrobial?
A: Disinfectants are chemical agents applied to non-living objects to destroy bacteria, viruses, fungi,…
Q: Why is it better for a drug to be microbicidal than microbistatic?
A: Any substance which is produced by naturally, artificially or through synthetic origin that kills or…
Q: What are the two most Resistant, and the two most Sensitive microbial structures to antiseptic…
A: Biocides: It is the term used to portray the chemical entity or the living organic entity that can…
Q: Why does penicillin purification use a centrifugal extractor?
A: A Centrifugal extractor is a piece of laboratory equipment that uses rotors to mix two immiscible…
Q: Triclosan is one of the most widely used antimicrobialagents in household products. It is:(a) A…
A: Answer is b.) A phenolbased compound.
Q: Why is antifolate used as an anticancer agent?
A: Introduction Antifolates are a class of chemicals that are often used to treat cancer. They were one…
Q: What is known as montreal protocol?
A: Montreal protocol is an international initiative for ozone depletion.
Q: Why is lipopolysaccharide considered to be an endotoxin?
A: Lipopolysaccharide is an outer cell membrane component found in gram-negative bacteria.
Q: What is the mechanism of action of cisplantine as an anticancer agent?
A: Cisplantine is a chemotherapeutic drug. It has been used for treatment of numerous human cancers…
Q: Does all reducing sugars give a positive result in the Osazone test?
A: Qualitative tests for carbohydrates helps to detect the presence of carbohydrate in the given…
Q: Why is 80% alcohol the recommended solvent For the preparation of plant extract?
A: Different plants have different properties due to the differences in their chemical composition,…
Q: Study the given structures below. Which of the following are epimers? H 0 H- OH но H- H- HO- но -H…
A: Epimers are the stereoisomers that differ in arrangement of groups in a single chiral carbon. A…
Q: What is the United States Pharmacopeia requirement for the pH different antacid preparation?
A: Pharmacopeia is a book containing directions for the identification of compound in medicines, and is…
Q: The compound used in anti-malarial drug is_______?
A: Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease. It is generally caused by single-celled…
Q: For what purposes is alcohol a useful antiseptic?
A: A microorganism is a microscopic organism which may exist in its single-celled form or in a colony…
Q: Explain the decomposition of drug by redox reaction
A: Introduction Drugs are complex biologically active compounds that are degraded or decomposed by the…
Q: Would puromycin be useful for the treatment of a virus infection? Why or why not? Would…
A: Yes, Puromycin would be useful for the treatment of viral infections. It is an analogue of aminoacyl…
Q: What is Pindolol drug solubility in water, acidic medium, basic medium?
A: Pindolol is a non selective beta blocker, mainly used in the treatment of hypertension, angina. It…
Q: Identify the neutral polymer carrier particle used together with iodine for antiseptic use.
A: Microbes or microorganisms invading and proliferating within an organism's body causes infection.…
Q: What is the reaction/observation of nucleic acid extract with Ammonium Molybdate and HNO 3 /KOH?
A: Introduction The above reagents are required for the test of phosphorus. The compound is heated with…
Q: What ingredients we should avoid after apply 0.5% bakuchiol?
A: Introduction Bakuchiol Is A Vegan Skincare Component Present In The Psoralea Corylifolia Plant's…
Q: What are the advantages of live preparations?
A: Vaccines impart adaptive immunity against certain pathogens.
Q: Why antifolate use for anticancer?
A: Antifolates are compounds that are commonly used to treat different forms of cancer. They are the…
Q: What are antimicrobial peptides?
A: Introduction Short strands of amino acids connected by peptide bonds are called peptides.…
Q: List Precautionary Notes for each chemical. (Tetramethrin and Lambda-Cyhalothrin)
A: Preparatory Notes of Tetramethrin:Emergency treatment Measures:General exhortation If indications…
Q: What bacterial structural target would make an antibacterial drug selective for gram-negative…
A: The gram-negative bacteria don't retain the crystal violet stain that's why called gram-negative.
Q: how is the 0.5 McFarland standard prepared? What is the role of this standard in performing…
A: Antimicrobial susceptibility tests (AST) are microbial sensitivity tests that determine the…
Q: What are the advantages of enhanced biological phosphorusremoval (EBPR) relative to traditional…
A: Wastewater from the laundry, household detergents which contain phosphate, comes under the category…
Q: What are the disadvantages of penicillin?
A: Penicillin is narrow spectrum antibiotic that prevents synthesis of peptidoglycan in bacteria. The…
Q: What are the characteristics of an ideal antimicrobial agent?
A: Microorganisms have a very large world. Some are beneficial to live creatures, while others are…
Q: Provide a detailed conclusive analysis for the preparation of methyl orange.
A: Preparation of methyl orange : Methyl orange is prepared from sulphanilic acid. Sulphanilic acid…
Q: How can you use Alamar Blue (Resazurin) to test whether the antimicrobial compound is bactericidal…
A: Visual methods of quality and quantity are readily found in biology and other field alike as they…
Q: What are the advantages and disadvantages to semisynthetic penicillins?
A: Antibiotics are antimicrobial substances that control or inhibit the growth of microorganisms,…
Q: What concentration of ethanol is considered optimum for disinfectant? Why not 100%?
A: Disinfectant refers to the chemical agents that destroy or inactivate microorganisms on an inert…
Q: What is the main role of glycogen in wound hydrogel dressing?
A: Hydrogel rehydrate the wound bed and reduce wound pain.
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- Why Cepacol is used ?With the aid of diagrams, illustrate the biochemical basis of the following: Allopurinol used in the management of gout Hydroxyurea as an antineoplastic agent 6-mercaptopurine, an anticancer agent Trimethoprim, an antibacterial agentWhy is penicillin toxic to bacteria but not to higher organism? Explain briefly.
- What is the oligodynamic effect? To which chemicals does the term oligodynamic effect apply? Give 2 examples of antiseptics based upon the oligodynamic effect.A vial of Doxorubicin reads 0•5g per vial. Instructions say to reconstitute each 12mg with 2•5ml of NS. How many ml of NS will be needed to reconstitute the vial of the recommended concentration? please show workingIdentify the neutral polymer carrier particle used together with iodine for antiseptic use.
- What are the common elements of puncture wounds, crush injuries,and compound fractures that encourage the growth of Clostridiumperfringens? Explain the rationale for debridement andoxygen therapy for such injuries.Which stationary phase is better in separation of the components of moringa extract for column chromatography? Sodium Bicarbonate or Silica Gel? And Explain.State the principle that underlies the following biochemical tests: a) Methyl red test b) Voges-Proskauer test
- Give one medical application of the α-naphthol.essential oils have been studied as potential antimicrobial agents. These naturally occuring compounds are linked to having the following type of activity in clinical trials: virucidal, septicidal, bactricidal, fungicidalWhat is Pindolol drug solubility in water, acidic medium, basic medium?