Tutorials in Introductory Physics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780130970695
Author: Peter S. Shaffer, Lillian C. McDermott
Publisher: Addison Wesley
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Chapter 3.2, Problem 1aT
Three students discuss the final momentum and kinetic energy of each cart.
Student 1: "Since the same force is exerted on both carts, the cart with the smaller mass will move quickly, while the cart with the larger mass will move slowly. The momentum of each cart is equal to its mass times its velocity."
Student 2: "This must mean that the speed compensates for the mass anti the two carts have equal final momenta."
Student 3: "l was thinking about the kinetic energies. Since the velocity is squared to get the kinetic energy but mass isn’t, the cart with the bigger speed must have mare kinetic energy.”
In the space below, write down whether you agree or disagree with the statements made by each student.
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In the diagram below, four railroad cars, each with mass, M, are rolling to the right with velocity, v.
One more car, also with mass, M, is rolling to the right at a slower speed, v2. The four cars connect
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2
M
M
M
M
a) Find the final velocity, vr, of all five cars together after the collision. Express v in terms of vị and
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:Module 4
2
Assignment Booklet 4B
4. A moving freight train takes a long distance to stop because of its
A. velocity
B. mass
C. momentum
D. force
5. Momentum of a car can be decreased by
A. decreasing its speed
B. increasing its speed
C. increasing its mass
D. decreasing its braking force
Calculate the momentum of a 2000-kg truck travelling 19 m/s. Show your work.
The diagram to the right depicts the before and after collision speeds of a car that undergoes a head-on collision with a wall. In case A, the car bounces off the wall. In case B, the car crumples up and sticks to the wall.
a) In which case (A or B) is the change in velocity the greatest? Explain.
b) In which case (A or B) is the change in momentum the greatest? Explain.
c) In which case (A or B) is the impulse the greatest? Explain.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Tutorials in Introductory Physics
Ch. 3.1 - A block is moving to the left on a frictionless,...Ch. 3.1 - In a separate experiment, two hands push...Ch. 3.1 - Shown at right is a side-view diagram of the...Ch. 3.1 - Recall the motion of the block in part B. For each...Ch. 3.1 - Generalize from your answers to pans A—D to...Ch. 3.1 - A glider, glider A, Is pulled by a suing across a...Ch. 3.1 - The diagrams at right show two identical gliders...Ch. 3.1 - A block on a frictionless table is connected to a...Ch. 3.2 - Three students discuss the final momentum and...Ch. 3.2 - Which cart takes longer to travel between the two...
Ch. 3.2 - Use Newton's second law and the definition of...Ch. 3.2 - How does the net work done on cart A(Wnet,A)...Ch. 3.2 - Refer again to the discussion among the three...Ch. 3.2 - Release the ball so that it rolls straight toward...Ch. 3.2 - Release the ball at an angle to the ramp as shown...Ch. 3.2 - How does the direction of the net force on the...Ch. 3.2 - How does the change in kinetic energy of the ball...Ch. 3.2 - For motion 1, draw vector in region II of the...Ch. 3.2 - For motion 2, draw vectors in region II of the...Ch. 3.2 - Consider the change in momentum vectors you...Ch. 3.3 - What differences between gliders M and N could...Ch. 3.3 - For experiment 1,draw and label separate free-body...Ch. 3.3 - In the spaces provided, draw and label vectors to...Ch. 3.3 - A student compares the final speeds of gliders M...Ch. 3.3 - A. Suppose that glider D is free to move and...Ch. 3.3 - A second experiment is performed in which glider D...Ch. 3.3 - Consider the two experiments described above. When...Ch. 3.3 - When the momentum of an object or system of...Ch. 3.3 - Two students the second experiment, in which...Ch. 3.4 - Draw separate free-body diagrams for each block...Ch. 3.4 - Rank the magnitudes of all the horizontal forces...Ch. 3.4 - The velocity vectors for blocks A and B are shown...Ch. 3.4 - Use your knowledge of the velocities and changes...Ch. 3.4 - Draw and label a free-body diagram for system C at...Ch. 3.4 - Write an equation for the momentum of system C in...Ch. 3.4 - Generalize from your results to answer the...Ch. 3.4 - Imagine a single object whose mass is equal to the...Ch. 3.4 - What are the external forces exerted on system C...Ch. 3.4 - The momentum vectors of each block before the...Ch. 3.4 - Draw arrows that represent the direction of the...
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