Summary Answer the following questions. 5. (a) If the current CO₂ budget is 51 ppm, when does this model, using Parameter Set I, indicate that we will reach 51 ppm and exhaust our Carbon budget? Show your reasoning. Use the eigenvalues and vectors from that solution to calculate your answer. (b) If CO₂ emissions were somehow reduced through conservation and the introduction of new technologies such as carbon sequestration, could the length of time to exhaust our CO₂ budget be doubled? What parameters would you need to change and by how much? If you can't double the length of time, what is the longest extension you can achieve. Show your work. (c) Explain what the parameters you changed in part (b) mean in terms of the model. (d) Graph the solution to the system with the new parameters from (b) that would double (or extend) the time to exhaust the Carbon Budget. (e) Some scientist have advocated that we will need to return to an atmospheric concen- tration of of 350ppm to reestablish a climate conducive to human existence. Given the model we have been using, can you change the parameters to achieve 350 ppm atmospheric concentration of CO₂ in 100 years? in 50 years? What parameters did you change. Upload one graph with the results of your experiment.
Summary Answer the following questions. 5. (a) If the current CO₂ budget is 51 ppm, when does this model, using Parameter Set I, indicate that we will reach 51 ppm and exhaust our Carbon budget? Show your reasoning. Use the eigenvalues and vectors from that solution to calculate your answer. (b) If CO₂ emissions were somehow reduced through conservation and the introduction of new technologies such as carbon sequestration, could the length of time to exhaust our CO₂ budget be doubled? What parameters would you need to change and by how much? If you can't double the length of time, what is the longest extension you can achieve. Show your work. (c) Explain what the parameters you changed in part (b) mean in terms of the model. (d) Graph the solution to the system with the new parameters from (b) that would double (or extend) the time to exhaust the Carbon Budget. (e) Some scientist have advocated that we will need to return to an atmospheric concen- tration of of 350ppm to reestablish a climate conducive to human existence. Given the model we have been using, can you change the parameters to achieve 350 ppm atmospheric concentration of CO₂ in 100 years? in 50 years? What parameters did you change. Upload one graph with the results of your experiment.
Chemistry for Engineering Students
3rd Edition
ISBN:9781285199023
Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Chapter11: Chemical Kinetics
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 11.92PAE
Related questions
Question
Transcribed Image Text:Summary
Answer the following questions.
5. (a) If the current CO₂ budget is 51 ppm, when does this model, using Parameter Set
I, indicate that we will reach 51 ppm and exhaust our Carbon budget? Show your
reasoning. Use the eigenvalues and vectors from that solution to calculate your answer.
(b) If CO₂ emissions were somehow reduced through conservation and the introduction of
new technologies such as carbon sequestration, could the length of time to exhaust our
CO₂ budget be doubled? What parameters would you need to change and by how
much? If you can't double the length of time, what is the longest extension you can
achieve. Show your work.
(c) Explain what the parameters you changed in part (b) mean in terms of the model.
(d) Graph the solution to the system with the new parameters from (b) that would double
(or extend) the time to exhaust the Carbon Budget.
(e) Some scientist have advocated that we will need to return to an atmospheric concen-
tration of of 350ppm to reestablish a climate conducive to human existence. Given
the model we have been using, can you change the parameters to achieve 350 ppm
atmospheric concentration of CO₂ in 100 years? in 50 years? What parameters did you
change. Upload one graph with the results of your experiment.
Transcribed Image Text:Project PART I. Our Carbon Budget
A major driver of global climate change is the emissions of greenhouse gases such as CO₂ into the
atmosphere from human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels for transportation, electric
power generation, manufacturing, agriculture, home heating, and so forth. Global average temper-
atures are now slightly higher than 1° C above their pre-Industrial Revolution levels. Damaging
sea level rise and extreme weather events (such as the recent wildfires in Canada that led to the
unhealthy air in NYC last summer) will become an increasingly major problem around the world
if global average temperature rises more than 1.5° C. Scientists estimate that the total additional
amount of CO₂ that can be put into the atmosphere without reaching the 1.5° C level is about 51
parts per million (ppm) or approximately 400 Gigatons (Gt). Let's call 51 ppm our carbon budget.
In this project, we want to use linear systems of differential equations to analyze the predictions of
various model scenarios regarding carbon dioxide emissions and investigate when we might exceed
our carbon budget and how changes in the parameters affect the solutions.
Creating a linear system of first-order differential equations to model atmospheric CO2 and CO2
emissions involves setting up a system where each equation represents one of these two variables, and
their interaction is characterized by four parameters. The system can be solved using the method of
eigenvalues and eigenvectors. This is a highly simplified model of the complex interactions between
CO₂ and the environment.
Expert Solution
This question has been solved!
Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.
This is a popular solution!
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 7 steps with 3 images
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry for Engineering Students
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781285199023
Author:
Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry for Engineering Students
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781337398909
Author:
Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry for Engineering Students
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781285199023
Author:
Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry for Engineering Students
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781337398909
Author:
Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour…
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305580343
Author:
Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; Darrell
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781337399074
Author:
John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781133949640
Author:
John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:
Cengage Learning