Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The amino acids sequence for the given mRNA base sequence code has to be predicted.
Concept Introduction:
Codon: A sequence of three ribonucleotides in the mRNA chain that codes for a specific amino acid; also a three-
Genetic code: The sequence of nucleotides, coded in triplets (codons) in mRNA that determines the sequence of amino acids in protein synthesis.
Translation: A tRNA molecule is a single polynucleotide chain held together by regions of base pairing in a partially helical structure. An amino acid is bonded to its specific tRNA by an ester linkage. Connecting specific amino acid at end of the tRNA is known as charging tRNA. Once done, tRNA is ready to be used in the protein synthesis.
At the other end of the tRNA, three anticodons are present which are complementary to the codons present in mRNA. Once the anticodons pairs off with codons, the amino acid at terminal end of the tRNA is delivered and attached to the growing protein chain.
Illustrated relationships are:
DNA informational strand : 5’ ATG CCA GTA GGC CAC TTG TCA 3’
DNA Template strand: 3’ TAC GGT CAT CCG GTG AAC AGT 5’
mRNA: 5’ AUG CCA GUA GGC CAC UUG UCA 3’
protein: Met Pro Val Gly His Leu Ser
Notice: 5’ end of the mRNA strand codes for the N-terminal amino acid, whereas the 3’ end of the mRNA strand codes for the C-terminal amino acid. Proteins are always written N-terminal to C-terminal, reading left to right.
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Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 26 Solutions
Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
- Using the genetic code table provided below, identify the open reading frame in this mRNA sequence, and write out the encoded 9 amino acid long peptide sequence: 5'- CGACAUGCCUAAAAUCAUGCCAUGGAGGGGGUAACCUUUU C A G U UUU Phe UCU Ser UUC Phe UCC Ser UAC UCA Ser UAA UCG Ser UAG UUA Leu Leu G C CUU Leu CUC Leu CCC CUA Leu CUG Leu AUU lle AUC lle AUA lle AUG Met ACG ACU Thr ACC Thr ACA Thr Thr A UAU Tyr UGU Cys Tyr UGC Cys CCU Pro CAU His CGU Arg Pro CAC His Pro CAA Gln CGC Arg CGA Arg CCA CCG Pro CAG Gln CGG Arg GUU Val GCU Ala GAU GUC Val GCC Ala GAC GUA Val GCA Ala GAA GUG Val GCG Ala GAG Stop UGA Stop UGG AAU Asn AAC AAA AAG AGU Asn AGC G Lys Lys Asp Asp Glu Glu Stop A Trp Ser Ser AGA Arg AGG Arg GGU Gly GGC Gly UCAG GGA Gly GGG Gly с U C A G U C A G U C A Garrow_forwardWhat amino acid sequence is encoded by the codon sequence ACGCAGCGCCCGGUC? Use the 3 letter abbreviation with hyphens and no spaces in between.arrow_forwardHow many amino acids will the mRNA sequence "AUG GAC CUG UCG UGA" produce?arrow_forward
- A segment of a polypeptide chain is Arg-Gly-Ser-Phe-Val-Asp-Arg. It is encoded by the following segment of DNA: GGCTAGCTGCTTCCTTGGGGA CCGATCGACGAAGGAACCCCT Note out the mRNA sequence generated by the template strant to produce that polypeptide chain Label each stran with its correct polarity (5' and 3' ends on each strand)arrow_forwardUsing the genetic code table provided below, write out the sequence of three different possible mRNA sequences that could encode the following sequence of amino acids: Met-Phe-Cys-Trp-Glu C A G U C UUU Phe UCU Ser UUC Phe UCC Ser UCA Ser UUA Leu UUG Leu UCG Ser CUU Leu CCU Pro CUC Leu CUA Leu CUG Leu CCG A CAU His CGU Arg CCC Pro CAC His CGC Arg UAU Tyr UGU Cys U UAC Tyr UGC Cys C Stop UGA Stop Stop UGG Trp UAA A UAG G CCA Pro CAA Gln Pro CAG AUU lle AUC lle AUA lle AUG Met ACG G 등등 Gln CGA Arg CGG Arg ACU Thr AAU Asn AGU Ser ACC AAC Asn AGC Ser Thr ACA Thr Thr AAA Lys AGA Arg AAG Lys AGG Arg GUU Val GCU Ala GAU Asp GGU Gly GGC Gly GUC Val GCC Ala GAC Asp GUA Val GCA Ala GAA Glu GGA Gly GUG Val GCG Ala GAG Glu GGG Gly U C A G U C A G SUAUarrow_forwardIf methionine is the first amino acid incorporated into a heptapeptide, what is the sequence of the amino acids encoded for by the following stretch of mRNA? 5'-G-C-A-U-G-G-A-C-C-C-C-G-U-U-A-U- U-A-A-A-C-A-C-3'arrow_forward
- Provide the abbreviation for the amino acid sequence expected from the following mRNA segment using the three-letter amino acid codes: 5' UUUICCCIAAUIAUUIACG 3'arrow_forwardA fragment of a polypeptide, Met-Thr-Ile-Ser-Asp-Ile is encoded by the following sequence of DNA:Strand A - TACGATGACGATAAGCGACATAGC - Strand B - ATGCTACTGCTATTCGCTGTATCG -Which is the transcribed (template) strand? Write the sequence of the resulting mRNA transcript. Add labels to the strands above to show the 3’ and 5’ ends.arrow_forwardIf methionine is always the first amino acid incorporated into an oligopeptide, what oligopeptide is coded for by the following stretch of mRNA?arrow_forward
- What is the one-letter amino acid sequence formed from the following mRNA that codes for a pentapeptide that is an endorphin called Leu-enkephalin? 5' AUG - UAC - GGU - GGA - UUU - CUA - UAA 3'arrow_forwardTranslate the following mRNA nucleotide sequence into an amino acid sequence, starting at the first base: 5’ - UGUCAUGCUCGUCUUGAAUCUUGUGAUGCUCGUUGGAUUAAUUGU - 3’arrow_forwardDetermine the amino acid sequence for a polypeptide coded for by the following mRNA transcript (written 5'-> 3'): AUGCCUGACUUUAAGUAGarrow_forward
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